Something to note about trying to standardize cargo: Shape and size matters, but so does cargo capacity. Because starmade is built with cubes, I can only assume a cube shaped container would be the most efficient volume per surface area. So in theory the most efficient shape would probably be a cube, or a rectangular prism. Then perhaps with a standardized shape, the size could be based on volume contained? Every 10k volume or something would be considered some standardized size.
Just some of my thoughts on this!
Cubes are also the most efficient in real life, in terms of volume per total surface area.
I think that matters less in SM than it does in RL though - generally most of us won't care about saving a few percentage points of build material.
Because SM ships are usually (not always of course) long on one axis and relatively short onthe other two, we can assume that cargo spaces will also be more likely to be long on one axis and short on the other two, and that therefore we moght want to make cargo containers long on one axis and short on the other two, because it will mean fewer of them are required to fill a cargo space, which means less work to load and unload a ship.
I suspect in practice more people would care about saving time/effort than cheap building materials.
(And longer, larger containers will save on the more expensive materials: thrusters, docks, etc)