If you want better advice you'll probably need to give some information about your computer and settings.
A not-necessarily-obvious factor can be GPU/video card memory. If you have 1 GB or less you should probably look at reducing the max segments (view distance) or texture resolution, etc. I would guess that 2 GB is common and usually OK, but it might be worth trying in that case also if this happens only in the presence of large objects.
You can also increase memory settings in the launcher (initial panel) in case that is the issue, assuming you have free memory to spare.
Crash the game again with the ship and upload the log.txt.0 file (newest timestamp) from your logs folder in the Starmade install here.
That may contain useful information.
What is your OS?
What is your GPU?
How much memory did you allocate in the Starmade Laucher (Options->Memory Settings)?