You'll want to find the game folder (Normally named "Starmade"), and then the "logs" subfolder, to view the logs directly.
If you aren't already sure where the files are, you are probably using Steam, and
this thread explains that the Games folder is normally at C:\Program Files\Steam (x86)\SteamApps\Common\ so try looking there first. If that fails, try looking under C:\Users\<your Windows username>\.appdata\ or something similar to that.